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Motherboard
- The motherboard is the heart of any personal computer.
- It provides system resources for interrupt requests (IRQ lines), DMA channels, and Input-Output locations).
- Support the core components such as CPU, chipsets &Real Time Clock (RTC).
- It handles all system memory including SD RAM, BIOS RAM, and CMOS RAM.
Motherboard Types
The motherboard is a printed circuit board.
Active:
o It is comprehensive and the RAM, ROM, and CPU are attached to the motherboard.
o So we can’t able to upgrade by adding RAM or processor in the motherboard.
o One way to upgrade is to replace it with a newer one.
o Example: Only PCI bus slots can be added.
Passive:
o More than interconnecting slots.
o No major chips on the black plane.
o The CPU, RAM, BIOS ROM, and other central process components are fabricated on the board that simply plug into one of the backplane slots.
Black Plane:
o It is a group of electrical connectors in parallel with each other.
o So the pin and connectors are linked to the same relative pin of other connectors forming a computer bus.
o The backplane is a printed circuit board containing connections (slots) for expansion boards and allows for communication between all connected boards.
POTENTIAL POWER PROBLEMS
o Malfunction in the power supply prevents the PC from booting.
o It is not able to supply enough power to keep the system running properly.
o chronic problems can help you navigate the gray area.
The computer freezes intermittently:
o Most computers freeze due to software applications and configuration errors.
o The time you suspect a power problem is when your system suddenly starts freezing for no reason at all.
o Freezes several times a day or several times per hour.
o, Check it, maybe power problems.
o If the system ends to freeze when it is running on a different power circuit.
There are random memory errors:
o If you added a new application or device driver or upgraded the system.
o Suddenly see a rash of memory errors.
o Occasional memory error message does not necessarily indicate a power problem.
o Memory error occurs when the PC runs on a different power.
Data is lost or corrupted on the hardware:
A hard drive problem can be the result of several problems (lost data cable or operator error).
o If the drive seems to be having difficulty reading or writing the disk.
o Check the power first before attempting to back up the disk or run any disk-based diagnostics.
o If you attempt to defragment with the present power problem it will damage the HDD more.
There is trouble communicating with modems or peripherals:
o You may see a rash of communication errors when trying to use a modem or mouse if the peripherals are connected and installed properly.
o The system suffers from chronic hardware failures:
o Fault may reoccur after a few days or a week For Example memory error, replace the memory and the fault.
o It goes away but the same fault occurs after a few days.
o This type of problem suggests there is power spikes are entering the system’s AC line.
POWER MANAGEMENT
o It is used to conserve power.
o Power conservation is important for mobile PCs.
The operating system provides the controls needed for selecting power management.
Basic conservation:
o You can turn off your monitor and hard drive automatically after the period of inactivity.
o This conserves a great deal of power while the system is at rest.
Stand by:
o When it is idle.
o In stand by your monitor and HDD turn off and some computer devices are powered down.
o When you want to use it again it comes out quickly from standby and restores exactly as you left it.
Hibernation:
o After longer periods of inactivity power manages to hibernate the feature.
o Turn off your monitor hard drive first.
o It idle time continuous the system will save everything in memory on disk and then turn off the computer.
o When you restart your computer the last state is restored to memory for the disk.
o Desktop was restored exactly as you left
| Author | – |
| Language | English |
| No. of Pages | 26 |
| PDF Size | 8 MB |
| Category | Computer |
| Source/Credits | sathyabama.com |
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