[PDF] The Oxford English Dictionary PDF

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Oxford English Dictionary

Oxford Dictionary is very famous among the students. Worldwide, students who want to learn English prefer the dictionary of Oxford University. This dictionary is written on basic principles and it is easy to remember. This PDF is a collection of twelve volumes.

If there is any truth in the old Greek adage that a big book is a great evil, English dictionaries have been getting steadily worse since their inception more than three centuries ago.

Placing Cowdrey’s erudite little volume of 1604 next to the complete Oxford Dictionary of 1933 is like placing the original atom next to an oak that has grown.

The magnitude of this increase is explained by the gradual introduction of three new principles into lexicography.

The earlier dictionary makers, on the lines of old vocabulary, focused their attention on such words which might be unfamiliar to the common man.

The expansion of this arrow range during the seventeenth century is evidenced by the steady increase in size through Bullocker, Cockerham, Blount, and Phillips until the eighteenth century.

The principle of general inclusion was practically accepted by Kersey and Bailey.

The next stage is marked by Johnson’s systematic use of quotations to clarify and justify definitions, the many omissions still present in the terminology being partly filled by later supplementary works on the same lines.

When all this was combined with the theory of historical illustration put forward by Richardson, it became inevitable that any adequate dictionary of English should be one of the great books of the world.

It is noteworthy that Richardson’s dictionary, perhaps due to some defects in his method, did not immediately attract the attention it deserved.

Nearly forty years had passed from the appearance of the first installment in the Encyclopædia Metropolitana in 18RG to the full acceptance of the historical theory by the Philological Society.

The separate publication of his dictionary in 1836–7 had no significant impact on the work of the lexicographers who came after Johnson or Webster.

The vocabulary of a widely spread and highly cultured living language is not a fixed quantity bounded by definite boundaries.

That vast aggregate of words and phrases that constitutes the vocabulary of the English-speaking people presents to the mind that endeavors to comprehend it as a definite whole, one of those vague groups familiar to the astronomer. aspect, in which the nucleus is shadowed on every side, through areas of clear and unmistakable diminishing brightness, a hazy marginal film that ends nowhere, but loses itself invisibly in the surrounding darkness.

In its constitution, it may be compared to one of those natural groups of the zoologist or botanist, in which distinct species form the distinct nucleus of the order, connected on every side to other species, with distinct characters of the essence and less.

The obvious is apparent until it vanishes into the outer periphery of abnormal forms, which merge invisibly into the various surrounding orders, and whose own status is vague and uncertain.

For the convenience of classification, the naturalist may draw a line that bounds a class or system outside or inside a particular form; But nature has not spoiled it anywhere.

So the English vocabulary consists of a nucleus or central mass of several thousand words whose ‘Englishness’ is unquestionable; Some of them are only literary, some are only colloquial, most are literary and colloquial, and they are common words of the language.

But they are associated on every side with other words which are less and less entitled to this appellation, and which are more and more distinctly related to the slang and slang words of the domains, ‘sets’ and classes of the local direct.

The technicalities of trades and processes, the scientific terminology common to all civilized nations, and the actual languages of other countries and peoples. and there is an absolutely defined line in any direction: the circle of the English language has a well-defined center but no clear.