Linux Commands List PDF

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Linux Commands List With Examples PDF Free Download

1000 Linux Commands

A Linux command is a program or utility that runs on the command line. A command line is an interface that accepts lines of text and processes them into instructions for your computer.

Any graphical user interface (GUI) is just an abstraction of command-line programs. For example, when you close a window by clicking on the “X,” there’s a command running behind that action.

flag is a way we can pass options to the command you run. Most Linux commands have a help page that we can call with the flag -h. Most of the time, flags are optional.

An argument or parameter is the input we give to a command so it can run properly. In most cases, the argument is a file path, but it can be anything you type in the terminal.

You can invoke flags using hyphens (-) and double hyphens (--), while argument execution depends on the order in which you pass them to the function.

Basic Linux Commands

All Linux commands fall into one of the following four categories:

  • Shell builtins – Commands built directly into the shell with the fastest execution.
  • Shell functions – Shell scripts (grouped commands).
  • Aliases – Custom command shortcuts.
  • Executable programs – Compiled and installed programs or scripts.

op 50 Linux Commands You Must Know as a Regular User

  1. ls – The most frequently used command in Linux to list directories
  2. pwd – Print working directory command in Linux
  3. cd – Linux command to navigate through directories
  4. mkdir – Command used to create directories in Linux
  5. mv – Move or rename files in Linux
  6. cp – Similar usage as mv but for copying files in Linux
  7. rm – Delete files or directories
  8. touch – Create blank/empty files
  9. ln – Create symbolic links (shortcuts) to other files
  10. cat – Display file contents on the terminal
  11. clear – Clear the terminal display
  12. echo – Print any text that follows the command
  13. less – Linux command to display paged outputs in the terminal
  14. man – Access manual pages for all Linux commands
  15. uname – Linux command to get basic information about the OS
  16. whoami – Get the active username
  17. tar – Command to extract and compress files in Linux
  18. grep – Search for a string within an output
  19. head – Return the specified number of lines from the top
  20. tail – Return the specified number of lines from the bottom
  21. diff – Find the difference between two files
  22. cmp – Allows you to check if two files are identical
  23. comm – Combines the functionality of diff and cmp
  24. sort – Linux command to sort the content of a file while outputting
  25. export – Export environment variables in Linux
  26. zip – Zip files in Linux
  27. unzip – Unzip files in Linux
  28. ssh – Secure Shell command in Linux
  29. service – Linux command to start and stop services
  30. ps – Display active processes
  31. kill and kill all – Kill active processes by process ID or name
  32. df – Display disk filesystem information
  33. mount – Mount file systems in Linux
  34. chmod – Command to change file permissions
  35. chown – Command for granting ownership of files or folders
  36. ifconfig – Display network interfaces and IP addresses
  37. traceroute – Trace all the network hops to reach the destination
  38. wget – Direct download files from the internet
  39. ufw – Firewall command
  40. iptables – Base firewall for all other firewall utilities to interface with
  41. apt, pacman, yum, rpm – Package managers depending on the distro
  42. sudo – Command to escalate privileges in Linux
  43. cal – View a command-line calendar
  44. alias – Create custom shortcuts for your regularly used commands
  45. dd – Majorly used for creating bootable USB sticks
  46. whereis – Locate the binary, source, and manual pages for a command
  47. whatis – Find what a command is used for
  48. top – View active processes live with their system usage
  49. useradd and usermod – Add a new user or change existing users data
  50. passwd – Create or update passwords for existing users

Now let’s dive a little deeper into each of these commands and understand them in more detail. We already have a lot of existing articles for each of those individual commands.

For your convenience, we’ll add links to all the existing articles, and continue to update the article as new topics are covered.

1. ls Command

ls is probably the first command every Linux user types in their terminal. It allows you to list the contents of the directory you want (the current directory by default), including files and other nested directories.

It has many options, so it might be good to get some help by using the --help flag. This flag returns all the flags you can use with ls.

For example, to colorize the output of the ls command, you can use the following:

ls --color=auto
Author
Language English
No. of Pages3
PDF Size1 MB
CategoryEducation
Source/Credits

Linux Commands List With Examples PDF Free Download

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