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Rights NCERT Textbook With Solutions Book PDF Free Download
Chapter 5: Rights
A right is essentially an entitlement or a justified claim. It denotes what we are entitled to as citizens, as individuals, and as human beings.
It is something that we consider to be due to us; something that the rest of society must recognize as being a legitimate claim that must be upheld.
This does not mean that everything that I regard to be necessary and desirable is a right. I may want to wear the clothes of my choice to school rather than the prescribed uniform.
I may want to stay out late at night but this does not mean that I have a right to dress in any way I like at school or to return home when I choose to do so.
There is a distinction between what I want and think I am entitled to, and what can be designated as rights. Rights are primarily those claims that I along with others regard to be necessary for leading a life of respect and dignity.
In fact, one of the grounds on which rights have been claimed is that they represent conditions that we collectively see as a source of self-respect and dignity.
For example, the right to livelihood may be considered necessary for leading a life of dignity. Being gainfully employed gives a person economic independence and thus is central
to his/her dignity.
Having our basic needs met gives us the freedom to pursue our talents and interests. Or, take the right to express ourselves freely.
This right gives us the opportunity to be creative and original, whether it be in writing, dance, music, or any other creative activity.
But freedom of expression is also important for the democratic government since it allows for the free expression of beliefs and opinions.
Rights such as the right to a livelihood, or freedom of expression, would be important for all human beings who live in society and they are described as universal in nature.
Another ground on which rights have been claimed is that they are necessary for our well-being.
They help individuals to develop their talents and skills. A right like the right to education, for
instance, helps to develop our capacity to reason, gives us useful skills, and enables us to make informed choices in life.
It is in this sense that education can be designated as a universal right. However, if an activity is injurious to our health and well-being it cannot be claimed as a right.
For instance, since medical research has shown that prohibited drugs are injurious to one’s
health and since they affect our relations with others, we cannot insist that we have a right to inhale or inject drugs or smoke tobacco.
In the case of smoking, it may even be injurious to the health of people who may be around the smoker.
Drugs may not only injure our health but they may also sometimes change our behavior patterns and make us a danger to other people. In terms of our definition of rights, smoking or taking banned drugs cannot be claimed as a right.
| Author | NCERT |
| Language | English |
| No. of Pages | 12 |
| PDF Size | 0.5 MB |
| Category | Political Science |
| Source/Credits | ncert.nic.in |
NCERT Solutions Class 11 Political Science Chapter 5 Rights
Question 1.
What are rights and why are they important? What are the bases on which claims to rights can be made?
Answer:
Rights are:
- An entitlement to do as a citizen, individual, or human being.
- Something that society must recognize as being a legitimate claim to be upheld.
- There is a distinction between what I desire to do and think that I am entitled to and what can be designated as rights.
Rights are important because:
- To lead a life of respect and dignity, i.e. economic independence gives the right to fulfill the basic needs of a person by one’s talents and interests.
- Citizens enjoy the right to express themselves freely in different ways to be creative and original.
- The rights let the government be aware of its success and failures and the feedback of people.
- Rights are necessary for the entire world, he. right to livelihood, freedom of expression, etc.
- Rights help one to develop one’s own potential and skills.
The claims to rights can be made if:
- Rights are necessary to earn a livelihood.
- Rights are helpful to develop talent and skills.
- Rights are important to lead a ‘respectful and dignified life.
- Rights are given to human beings by nature of God to be born with, i.e. the right to life, liberty and property, etc. as inalienable rights.
- If an activity is harmful to our health and well-being, it cannot be claimed as a right, i.e. the use of prohibited drugs and smoking is injurious to health cannot be claimed as a right.
Question 2.
On what grounds are some rights considered to be universal in nature? Identify three rights that you consider universal. Give reasons.
Answer:
Some rights are considered to be universal in nature on the ground to be equally important for all human beings who live in a society. The following three rights can be identified as universal:
- The right to livelihood.
- Right to freedom of expression
- Right to education Because:
- Economic independence is the most important dignity in one’s life and is considered necessary for leading a life of respect and dignity across the world.
- The right to freedom of expression provides an opportunity to be creative and original in any field of one’s choice. And the government also comes to know of its failures and success.
- Right to education develops the capacity to improve useful skills and to enable citizens to make choices in life, hence it can be designated as a universal right.
NCERT Class 11 Political Science Textbook Chapter 5 Rights With Answer PDF Free Download